Blog of the Society for Menstrual Cycle Research

New Data on Toxic Shock Syndrome

December 17th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

The first known case of fatal TSS related to an IUD was recently reported recently. Here’s the abstract from the November 2009 Annals of Emergency Medicine (the full article is behind a subscription firewall):

Toxic shock syndrome is a rare toxin-mediated condition that can rapidly produce multiorgan failure and severe shock. Toxic shock syndrome has been previously recognized in various clinical situations relating to surgery, nasal packing, abscesses, burns, and most notably menstrual-related cases. This case report describes a previously healthy 33-year-old woman presenting to the emergency department with complaints of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea; vital signs at triage were normal. Within hours, she developed shock and cardiopulmonary arrest. The patient met all 6 of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria for toxic shock syndrome, and her intrauterine device grew out Staphylococcus aureus. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the medical literature of fatal toxic shock syndrome related to an intrauterine device.

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“You can’t bias a jury with the truth”

December 16th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

That was Zoe Littlepage’s response to Pfizer’s request to a judge that her law firm remove this video press release about Pfizer’s malfeasance regarding cancer risk of Prempro, their menopause hormone therapy drug. The motion reads, in part, “Plaintiff’s counsel should be compelled to remove this video from the Internet and refrain from making any further inflammatory and prejudicial public statements.”

No word on when the court will make its decision, but Oscar Chase, a professor of legal ethics at New York University School of Law, said a lawyer’s use of YouTube videos to promote his or her case isn’t all that different from a press release.

“We might say it is typical lawyer grandstanding,” Chase said in an interview. “The danger of jury tainting is outweighed by the public’s right to know.”

(Alert readers may recall seeing this video at re:Cycling last month.)

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The Cycle Sisters Manifesta

December 16th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

Guest Post by Kaitlyn Elliott, The Cycle Sisters at St. Mary’s College of California

Anime Character with Powerful Period

14 September 2009

A brief twenty-four hours ago we stormed campus, with 350 flyers and two rolls of packing tape in our collective hands.  Detailed within are our intentions, goals, and expectations.  This is our Manifesta.

As individuals, we each grew frustrated with the lack of support women receive on the St. Mary’s campus. Try as we might, our demands for equality and respect befall deaf ears. For one, the Women’s Resource Center is continually pushed around campus, its current location on the perimeter, out of sight, and our efforts to “Take Back the Night” fail to resonate fully. We are the majority, though we are often forced into the submissive position of the minority. Perhaps one could theorize that the empty tampon and sanitary napkin dispensers are the straws that broke these camels’ backs, but let us assure our critics and our allies: Our bones are unbroken, and until equality is tangible, we will not rest.

Women are ostracized for “bleeding for five days and not dying.” Women are paraded as disgusting examples of human beings when, God forbid, we have monthly emergencies and are unable to secure the cotton products which temporarily stop our bleeding. We are made to feel gross about our bodies, to shudder in horror at our bodily functions, to be embarrassed. We cannot separate our minds from our bodies, so we demand the acceptance and respect of both. We will not be shamed, and we will not live in fear of humiliation.

Popular rumor has it that administrators and primarily male professors found our guerilla campaign completely offensive, inappropriate, and “un-ladylike.” If making bold statements and standing up for ourselves makes us “un-ladylike,” then we should wish to never be classified as “ladies” again. The freedom of speech has long been reserved for men, and our opponents, rather than consider the issue we have presented (and the issues we will present), prefer to demean our liberal methods. “Menstruation” is not a dirty word; neither are “tampons,” “maxi pads,” or “vagina.” Try as they might, the opposition will continue to deny our reproductive cycles, our minds, and our sexuality. Thus, we will work doubly as hard to control our own portrayals and our own bodies. If bleeding is any indication of one’s dedication to a cause, consider us loyal until the end.

Our demands are simple: We expect and require the humanity and freedoms that are continuously and permanently reserved for men. To alter a quote of yore: Hell hath no fury like a woman denied her voice.

We are a sorority of “hysterical” women (we do not fraternize), and we refuse to be quiet until these cycles of oppression are broken.

We are Cycle Sisters.

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Tampon Crafts: For Any Time of the Month (and Any Time of Year)

December 15th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

Christmas-style lights made from painted tampons.So I heard there are a couple of big holidays this month that involve elaborate (or not-so-elaborate) decoration of one’s home. Perhaps you’re the crafty sort, and would like to make your own holiday decorations; Tampon Crafts is the web site you’ve been looking for!

My personal favorite is the tampon lights pictured at right, but the site also offers instructions to make a tampon menorah, angels, snowflakes, and more. There are seasonal tampon crafts for the entire year.

What a great way to recycle all those extra tampons lying around after you’ve switched to cloth pads and/or menstrual cups!

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Teenagers and Menstrual Pain

December 14th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling
Cover of 1963 edition of "Growing Up and Liking It" booklet from Personal Products, Inc.

Cover of 1963 edition of "Growing Up and Liking It" booklet from Personal Products, Inc.

A recently published population-based study of teens in Australia found that menstrual pain is the norm among young women: Typical menstruation in adolescence includes pain (93%), cramping (71%), premenstrual symptoms (96%) and mood disturbance (73%).

This surprises me; I (mistakenly) thought the literature showed painful periods and PMS to be more common in the thirties, and fairly infrequent in the teen years. I can’t help but wonder if these reports of such high levels of pain and PMS are influenced by the pervasive cultural representations of periods as unpleasant and/or painful. It’s noteworthy that only 1% of the girls surveyed reported periods with no pain and no symptoms, and  78% consider their periods to be ‘normal’ most of the time. Assuming those other 22% significantly overlap with the 33% who experienced pain severe enough to consult a physician, I infer that most girls think painful periods are normal.

Please note that I am NOT suggesting that girls are lying about pain or that their period pain is “all in their heads” or psychosomatic; I am merely suggesting that our bodily experience and our perceptions of our bodies always take place in specific cultural and historical contexts. It may also be that dietary and environmental changes have influenced the rise in menstrual pain these researchers document.

(To see more editions of “Growing Up and Liking It”, visit the Museum of Menstruation.)

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The Period is Coming Out of the Closet

December 13th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

everythingisbetterWant to wear your menstrual pride on your sleeve – er, across your chest? The NinjaWitch offers several t-shirts that celebrate menstruation.

Note: This is not an advertisement or paid endorsement – I just think the shirts are kinda cool.

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Marketing Menopause

December 13th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

popupThere’s a pretty good essay in this weekend’s New York Times (online here Saturday, in print Sunday in the Business section) about how hard Big Pharma has worked to market menopause as an estrogen deficiency disease. In addition to discussion of Wyeth’s advertising campaigns, the article mentions the firm’s contract with DesignWrite, a company drug makers pay to develop manuscripts for publication in medical journals, to prepare at least 60 articles for publication in medical journals on the potential benefits of hormone therapy for cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, colon cancer, vision loss and other health problems.

The article also includes access to PDFs of some of the thousands of pages of documents from Wyeth that were requested by plaintiffs in the lawsuits against the drug manufacturer. (To date, more than 13,000 people have sued Wyeth claiming that they developed breast cancer and other health problems after taking the company’s menopausal hormone drugs. As we reported three weeks ago, in ten of the twelve verdicts so far, juries have awarded significant sums to plaintiffs. ) The documents available at the New York Times include a publication plan for Wyeth from DesignWrite, a 1995 product launch speech from Wyeth’s marketing director proclaiming the company’s mission of bringing to fruition Dr. Bernadine Healy’s vision of “a world in which the vast majority of women would begin taking HRT, and we know that means Prempro, at menopause and continue on for the rest of their lives.” There’s also this handwritten note from a 1996 meeting about how to respond to a new study raising breast cancer concerns (red markings added by me):

memo

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Women’s Health News: Cancer Genes, HPV Vaccine

December 11th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

gardasilToday I want to point to two important articles about women’s health from our friends at Women’s eNews:

  1. Yesterday, they published a story about Myriad Genetics and their firm grasp on the patents for diagnostics tests for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are known to place women at high risk for breast and ovarian cancers. Until the patents expire in 2014 and 2015, its laboratory is the only place in the country where diagnostic testing for the BRCA genes can be performed. A lawsuit representing patients, women’s health groups, medical professionals and four organizations has been filed bythe American Civil Liberties Union, or ACLU, and the Public Patent Foundation.
  2. Today, Women’s eNews published a story about the need for more research on Gardasil, the HPV vaccine recommended for young women and recently approved for boys and young men too.

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Early menarche, late menopause and breast cancer – what’s the whole story?

December 10th, 2009 by Laura Wershler
Mammograms showing healthy (left) and (right) cancerous breast. Courtesy of the National Cancer Institute.

Mammograms showing healthy (left) and (right) cancerous breast. Courtesy of the National Cancer Institute.

Can having too many menstrual cycles give you breast cancer?  That’s what one might conclude from two unrelated articles that appeared in national newspapers this week.

First was Nicholas D. Kristof’s Op-Ed in the New York Times. Kristof had recently attended a symposium exploring whether certain common chemicals are linked to breast cancer and other ailments. The role of estrogen – both the real thing our bodies produce and the pseudo-estrogens – in breast cancer was his major example.

The real thing:

One theory starts with the well-known fact that women with more lifetime menstrual cycles are at greater risk for breast cancer, because they’re exposed to more estrogen. For example, a woman who began menstruating before 12 has a 30 percent greater risk of breast cancer than one who began at 15 or later.

The pseudo-estrogens:

One class of chemicals that creates concern — although the evidence is not definitive — is endocrine disruptors, which are often similar to estrogen and may fool the body into setting off hormonal changes. This used to be a fringe theory, but it is now being treated with great seriousness by the Endocrine Society the professional association of hormone specialists in the United States. …These endocrine disruptors are found in everything from certain plastics to various cosmetics.

(Do you ever wonder, like I do, why the birth control pill is not considered an ‘endocrine disruptor’ when that is exactly what it is?)

The second mention of the connection between too many periods and breast cancer came in dietician Leslie Beck’s Food For Thought column in Canada’s Globe and Mail. She was reporting on a new study showing that women with breast cancer need not shun soy:

By acting like weak forms of the body’s own estrogen, some experts have worried that soy isoflavones could possibly promote cancer growth.  That’s because certain risk factors for breast cancer, such as beginning your menstrual period before age 12 or starting menopause after 55, are related to the length of time breast cells are exposed to the body’s own circulating estrogen. It’s thought that estrogen can promote the growth of breast cancer cells.

It’s reasonable to think that the both the writers and readers of these articles (and the many more that have surely mentioned this connection) might assume from this information that too many menstrual cycles means too much estrogen, therefore too many menstrual cycles must be a bad thing.  What they don’t know is that not all menstrual cycles are created equal. It’s not necessarily about quantity, it’s about quality.

Common belief is that all menstrual cycles are ovulatory. (Unless, of course, you are using a hormonal birth control method that suppress ovulation like the pill, patch or ring.) In other words, the assumption is that if get your period you must have ovulated. This assumption is challenged by UBC endocrinolgist Jerilynn Prior, MD, and Scientific Director of the Centre for Menstual Cycle and Ovulation Research (CeMCOR). In her article Is Ovulation (and are normal Progesterone levels) Important for the Health of Women?, Dr. Prior has this to say about the connection between ovulation, menstruation and breast cancer:

Tampon Coating May Protect from Toxic Shock

December 9th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

tamponsToxic shock syndrome is a potentially deadly complication of bacterial infection, resulting from Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria. It has been associated with the use of super-absorbent tampons (most notably, the infamous Rely brand in 1980), but other risk factors include skin wounds and surgery. Thus it can also affect men, children, and postmenopausal women. Given the history of association of TSS with tampons – 40 women in the US died between March 1980 and March 1981 – research on prevention of TSS in menstruating women is ongoing.

A new finding, published in Clinical Infectious Diseases last week, suggests that using GML as a tampon fiber finish may reduce the risk of TSS in menstruating women. GML (Glycerol monolaurate) is an emulsifier used in ice cream, cosmetics, and chewing gum. (It also occurs naturally in human breast milk.)

The researchers tested the GML coating in a double-blind study in which the women wore the special tampons for 2-6 hours on the second day of menstrual flow. The women’s own tampons were then compared with study tampons with or without GML for S. aureus and the exotoxins associated with TSS. Lower amounts of the exotoxins were present in study tampons with GML than study tampons without GML, leading the researchers to conclude “that GML added to tampons provides additional safety relative to menstrual toxic shock syndrome as well as benefits for vaginal health generally.”

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META: Email subscriptions to re:Cycling

December 8th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

It has come to my attention that there have been some problems with the automated email subscription feature of this site. If you have tried in the past to sign up for email notification of updates to re:Cycling and were unsuccessful, please try again. I think I have the problem fixed.

If you continue to have trouble with it, or if you think you have signed up and aren’t receiving notifications, please let me know.

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Taking Women’s Health Seriously

December 8th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

Here’s one way that Canada shows some concern for risks to women’s health: the owner of a New Brunswick health food store was fined $7500 for smuggling a progesterone-laced cream from the U.S. The cream, called Aim Renewed Balance, is purported “to help restore balance between the hormones that cause premenstrual syndrome and menopause symptoms, such as hot flashes and mood swings.” It is not approved for use in Canada.

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Readers should note that statements published in re: Cycling are those of individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the positions of the Society as a whole.