Blog of the Society for Menstrual Cycle Research

Lady Parts

November 14th, 2009 by Chris Bobel

The land of euphemisms is a fantasy land. It is awash in pink. It never rains. The houses are made of gingerbread and the clouds of cotton candy. Look! There goes My Little Pony!

It is a safe and happy place that keeps us innocent and pure.  Wait? Was that Strawberry Shortcake?

That MUST be the reason the cultural mandate of using euphemisms to describe body parts and bodily functions persists, right?

Don’t forget to wash your private parts, honey!

But  I DON’T think we are safer when we refuse to use REAL words to describe our REAL bodies.

Rather, as a big believer of the language-constructs-reality school of thought, I think that refusing to call a vulva a vulva contributes to the dissociation at best, and neglect and even hatred, at worst, of our bodies.

Name it. Own it. Understand it. Respect it.

The Vagina Monologues leads with a hysterical list of expressions for the vulva (NOT the vagina, as we know).

In Great Neck, they call it a pussycat. A woman there told me that her mother used to tell her, “Don’t wear panties underneath your pajamas, dear; you need to air out your pussycat.” In Westchester they called it a pooki, in New Jersey a twat. There’s “powderbox,” “derrière,” a “poochi,” a “poopi,” a “peepe,” a “poopelu,” a “poonani,” a “pal” and a “piche,” “toadie,” “dee dee,” “nishi,” “dignity,” “monkey box,” “coochi snorcher,” “cooter,” “labbe,” “Gladys Siegelman,” “VA,” “wee wee,” “horsespot,” “nappy dugout,” “mongo,” a “pajama,” “fannyboo,” “mushmellow,” a “ghoulie,” “possible,” “tamale,” “tottita,” “Connie,” a “Mimi” in Miami, “split knish” in Philadelphia, and “schmende” in the Bronx.

This list worried Eve Ensler. It worries me too.

Same goes for menstruation, of course.  Funny thing, some of these expressions are actually more graphic, bloodier, and more RAW than just saying MENSTRUATION. I mean: “Massacre at the Y?” ” Carrie at the Prom?” So much creative energy goes into NOT saying the words that describe what we have and what it does.   Imagine if that energy was channeled into developing body literacy?

Isn’t the shortest distance between two points a straight line?

So when someone takes on one of my pet peeve euphemisms for (I am gonna say it: PUBIC HAIR–which apparently NO decent woman wants to admit she has, but that’s another post), I cheer.

One for the team! One baby step closer to being honest about our bodies and refusing to play the shame game.

Enter Sarah Haskins; she is one of my superSheros.  While her analyses are often obvious, she does the work and for that she earns my adoration. She finds the material, and by that I mean, rampant gender assumption-laden advertising, and knits the clips together into a  side-splitting package that stirs up a good girlcott or two (or should). And there’s so much HERE…even more than Sarah gets into in her short bit (like the afro and the bonsai tree? Oh PUULEEZ!)

I taught both of my daughters to call their vulvas, well, their VULVAS and I RELISH it when someone in a public bathroom overhears my six-year old shout from her stall, “Almost done, Momma, I just need to wipe my vulva.”

Even better when she walks into the bathroom while I am changing my pad and she declares:  “OH Momma! You are menstruating!”

Another one  for the team.

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Sex and the Univer-sity

November 11th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

The trend of sex columns in student newspapers is no longer new (although the student newspaper at the school where I teach lacks one): the first sex column in a student newspaper was published in 1997, at (where else?) University of California-Berkeley. The phenomenon and the controversy surrounding the new trend in college journalism were covered in the fall 2002 with splashy stories in both USA Today and The New York Times.

More recently, The Nation published an essay about the politics or lack thereof in college newspaper sex writing. Interestingly but perhaps not surprisingly, the writers and editors at most college newspapers do not consider writing openly and honestly about sex/sexuality a political act.

newspaper-blogsReimold told me that for 90 percent of sex columnists, the only “political” point they are trying to make is that sex is OK and something we should talk about. Bess Davis of “Bess Sex” agrees that “sex really has nothing to do with politics…that’s just an impression built up by the media,” and views her column as serving a purpose in opening up discussion in an underreported subject.

[. . . .]

Politics are part of the equation, yet it’s not an issue of a simple left-right political divide–liberal media beyond the campus level have done comparatively little quality sex journalism, while even the comprehensive sex education courses the right wing loves to hate are rarely particularly progressive, sex-positive or comprehensive. Reimold conceptualizes the resistance to student sex columns as an authoritarian and protective parental mindset that reacts against “the student generation taking back control of the sexual messages targeted at them.” This rings partially true; after all, the Berkeley Free Speech Movement of the ’60s was also about student activism versus the control of the administration and older generation. But–again, as in the ’60s–antagonism stems from fellow students as well.

At its core, the sex column phenomenon is a radical progressive movement in the sense of pushing against traditional silence and the status quo, which is a source of concern for many administrators, parents and even students.

In other words, it really is political. Certainly it’s political in the Foucauldian sense of power relations: “What is peculiar to modern societies is not that they consigned sex to a shadow existence, but that they dedicated themselves to speaking of it ad infinitum, while exploiting it as the secret.” In other words, we like to pretend sex is a big secret that we shouldn’t talk about, but in reality, we can’t stop talking about. We use bodies and sexual relationships to sell any number of products but at the same time we delay as long as possible teaching our children about sexuality and sexual relationships. We deny that there are power relations embedded in our sexualities and sexual relationships. I always publish this quote from History of Sexuality v.1 on the front page of the syllabus of my ‘Sex, Sexuality, and Communication’ course:

Why has sexuality been so widely discussed, and what has been said about it? What were the effects of power generated by what was said? What are the links between these discourses, these effects of power, and the pleasures that were invested by them? What knowledge was formed as a result of this linkage?

When college students write newspaper columns about sex and sexuality, they frequently are challenging power structures about sexuality. Often these challenges are material as well as discursive, as student editors face censorship challenges from within and without the university. They are, at least implicitly, investigating what has been said about sexuality and in bringing it out of the bedroom, showing some of the linkages of power, pleasure, discourse, and their effects.

All of which is long-winded background for expressing my own pleasure in discovering  yesterday’s sex column by Jeanetta Bradley in The Orion at Chico State. It was all about sex during menstruation: Bradley explains that it’s not harmful or unsanitary, and in fact can be beneficial and pleasurable.

None of that is news to us at re: Cycling, but how surprising to see it in a college newspaper, written by someone who appears to be half my age. Bradley is breaking taboos in talking about menstruation, about sex, and about menstrual sex.

And that is a political act.

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What Women Really Want

November 10th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

Image via QuiteCntary.etsy.com

Obviously I’m spending waaay too much time on the interwebz these days.

My elaborate system of RSS feeds, Twitter messages, email alerts, and random blog surfing just pointed me to a website called “Twirlit“, with the subtitle What Women Really Want. What women really want, apparently, is a special scented soap cleanser for their ladyparts: thanks to a Twirlit review, I learned of Propoline® For Women Multi-Gyn Cleanser. From Twirlit’s product review:

I’ve been using this product for years. My husband always makes fun of me for it, he calls it my “vagina wash” but Propoline Mylti-Gyn cleanser is an all over, hypoallergenic body wash that also happens to be beneficial for your vaginal area.

“Vagina Wash”? Vaginal area? Sorry, Eve Ensler, but this is one of my biggest linguistic pet peeves. The body part we’re talking about here is the vulva. The vagina is an internal organ, and does not require special soap. Vaginas do not require any soap, as they’re self-cleaning, just like eyes (and in some households, ovens). Washing your vagina is called douching, and is more likely to disrupt the normal ph balance of the vagina than do anything beneficial. Douching can even lead to health problems, such as vaginal irritation, bacterial infections, and pelvic inflammatory disease.

This, by the way, is why the terms douche and douchebag are frequently used to describe anti-feminist people and actions: douches are unnecessary, harmful to women, and sold to women with assaults on their self-esteem.

Mutli-Gyn Cleanser is safe to use during menstruation, after sexual intercourse, after swimming or hot tubs and is especially calming to the skin if you have a dreaded yeast infection.

“Safe to use during menstruation.” You know, pretty much any soap is safe to use during menstruation. Or after swimming, sex, or hot tubs, or any other time you want to wash your vulva. Just don’t use it internally. It even says on the Multi-Gyn package, For External Use Only. In other words, it’s a not douche. Do not use in YOUR VAGINA.

I’m so glad that skin care companies are finally realizing that a woman’s sensitive area is different than the rest of the skin on our bodies. I stock up on this stuff as my local apothecary is always running out and don’t feel guilty because it’s surprisingly affordable (around $14.00 a bottle).

$14.00 for SOAP is “surprisingly affordable”?!? No recession in your neighborhood, huh? Where I come from, $14 for an 8 1/2 ounce bottle of body wash is hella-expensive. A bar of Ivory soap costs 69¢ and does the job just as well.

To be fair here, a woman’s “sensitive area” is different than the rest of her skin (for one thing, it’s sensitive!). But that doesn’t mean it requires a $14 bottle of special soap.

The idea that vaginas and vulvas are smelly or somehow ‘extra dirty’ and require special cleansers or deodorants is product of advertising. And of misogyny. The fact that someone is selling – and women are buying – a special “Multi Gyn” cleanser at 14 bucks a pop is sign of the effectiveness of both.

Vulva pendant image used with kind permission of QuiteCntrary.etsy.com.

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Are we addicted to The Pill?

November 9th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

Guest Post by Holly Grigg-Spall, freelance writer (“Sweetening the Pill“)

birth control pillsThe popularity of the birth control pill is an essential element of our cultural attitude towards menstruation, and women’s bodies as a whole. After taking the pill for ten years I recently decided to stop, for good. I have this month had my first real period in a decade. I didn’t decide to come off the pill because I want a baby, it’s because I want to blog, and have been blogging about the pill for several months. My blog ranges from my own personal ramblings about taking the pill, to adventures in the world of women’s studies. I am not religious, pro-abstinence or anything like a hippy, I just came to realise that I was taking a very powerful medication every day and I wasn’t sure exactly why.

I had an understanding that the pill was a wonderful invention that liberated womenkind, but ten years in and on Yasmin I was experiencing panic attacks, constant anxiety, paranoia and depression, as were many of my friends and friends of friends. I began to research how the pill actually works and was amazed to discover the whole body impact and potential side effects of this impact. I didn’t know the pill suppressed my hormone cycle every month and that this suppression had consequences for many functions of my body, most interestingly the system underpinning my mood and sense of well being. I didn’t know this, and soon discovered most women didn’t know this either and were blithely popping a pill they thought safe, easy and effective, and not even just for contraception when contraception was needed – they were taking it at fourteen years old and continuing for a large part of their lives. Aside from internet forums for medications discussion I could find no one intelligently criticising, analysing or considering the potential effect of the pill’s impact. Anyone who did so was considered to have a conservative, anti-women agenda.

Considering the pill’s mythology and legacy it has been hard to get the word out there that some women will experience insidious effects on their mood and emotional state and that women should know more about the pill if they are to truly be making an informed decision about their bodies. Margaret Sanger fought for education, availability and freedom of choice – the dominance of the pill, and the culture of pill pushing has created a situation in which many women do not know what they are taking, what it does to their bodies or what they could use as an alternative that would be just as effective, or even get hold of these alternatives if they do know and want them. There are still many women out there who are unnecessarily suffering as I did with depression and anxiety, doubting themselves and their sanity. I always say – yes women who don’t take the pill feel bad sometimes too – but it’s very important that women taking the pill know that if they do feel bad it could be that medication they take every day, so casually, it seems odd to even call it a medication.

The Quiet Uterus?

November 7th, 2009 by Chris Bobel

Guest Post by Moira Howes, Trent University

Uterus Vase by The Plug and Stephanie Rollin

Uterus Vase by The Plug and Stephanie Rollin

Over thirty years ago, Roger V. Short argued that regular menstrual cycling is probably a health hazard and thus, we should try to “keep the ovaries and the female reproductive tract in a state of quiescence when reproduction is not desired” [1]

More recently, Timothy Rowe, Head of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, University of British Columbia, claims that “the pill keeps a woman’s reproductive organs quiet and healthy[2]
As a philosopher of science, I find the concept of a “quiescent” bodily organ fascinating, troubling and great fodder: there is nothing so tempting to a philosopher of science as a vague, unscientific and value-laden concept.

Short and Rowe use the concept of “quiescence” to describe a presumably defined state of the uterus, but the concept is vague. It’s also unscientific—it calls to mind the promises made for “stimulated” immune systems and “cleansed” livers at my local health food store. And, the quiescent uterus raises old value-laden associations between women and passivity. If the dormant, quiet, and weak uterus is healthy, is the active, energetic, and strong uterus unhealthy?

The quiescent concept also connects temptingly with another problematic concept: “incessant ovulation.”

Short refers to regular ovulation as “incessant ovulation” and an “incessant ovulation theory” has emerged in the last decade or so. Strictly speaking, “incessant” just means “uninterrupted.” But it has negative connotations that the terms “uninterrupted” and “regular” do not. We would not say “incessant ovulation is important for bone health,” but we would say that “regular ovulation is important for bone health.” Ovulation has been described as hard work and as causing wear and tear on the ovaries. Interestingly, we do not talk of spermatogenesis in terms of incessant activity, hard work, or wear and tear: the more prolific the testicular activity, the more energetic, virile and healthy the testicle.

A more specific reason I find the term “quiescent uterus” fascinating concerns my interest in the field of reproductive immunology. Surprisingly little work has been done on the immune defences of the human female reproductive and genital tracts (though immunologists like Alison Quayle, Charles Wira and John Fahey are starting to rectify matters).

Because relatively little is known about mucosal immune defences in the human female reproductive and genital tract—and about how the reproductive immune system also contributes to blood vessel development in the uterus, ovulation, construction of the maternal-fetal interface, and the growth and development of the fetus (to name a few of the more recently discovered immune activities)—it is easy to assume that the uterus just “does nothing” when it is not involved in reproduction. Taking into account these immunological activities, however, it is clear that the reproductive tract does things besides ovulate and gestate fetuses.

What happens immunologically when women take hormonal forms of contraception?

Are the immunological activities of the uterus “quieted” and thus improved? Or are they disrupted and unhealthy?

From an immunological perspective—not to mention social and other medical perspectives—I am concerned that the notion of quiescence may stall research and pose risks to women’s health.
I’d love to hear other ideas about the quiescent uterus.


[1] Short 1976, The Evolution of Human Reproduction. Proc R Soc Lond B 195, 21

[2] “Fertility: From Foe to Friend,” Kate Rae, Glow Magazine, November 2009, 68

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Hot Flushes Relief Needn’t Enter the Bio-Identicals Fray

November 5th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

Guest Post by Jerilynn Prior, Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research

pharmacy_clipAs a clinician scientist with expertise in hormones and women’s health, I sit in Canada and look at the hype and dis-sing going on about “bio-identicals” in the USA and shake my head. If we don’t want estrogen that is not FDA approved to be used to treat hot flushes, the simple answer is to regulate appropriately. The perpetual debate about bio-identical hormones has now hit USA Today with a headline: “Bioidenticals: Estrogen without FDA approval for menopause?

In Canada, all hormonal preparations require a prescription. Full stop.  And the pharmacists who compound estriol or progesterone do so with my prescription for a specific dose and clear purpose. Those compounding pharmacists are also regulated the same way as pharmacists who dispense FDA/Health Canada approved medications. End of story.

What bothers me is that I believe there is an intrinsic advantage to  hormones that are molecularly the same as our bodies produce. They are certainly better, a priori than those that are natural for horses or are “similar-but-different.” When oral micronized progesterone (molecularly identical, Prometrium®) is prescribed with estradiol (there are multiple FDA-approved brands of molecularly identical estrogen), there is no increased breast cancer risk.[1] On the other hand, medroxyprogesterone (a similar synthetic derivative of progesterone) with estradiol increases the risk for breast cancer by 79%.[1] That’s called a nasty surprise.

When a hormone treatment is the same as a native hormone we know exactly how it will act, be metabolized, and be excreted. We can learn, if we don’t know, how it interacts with other important factors like age, weight, kidney function, and in relationship to heart disease or breast cancer. So the fact that Wyeth “suggested” that the FDA take compounding and bio-identical hormones to task for false advertising, was simply an effort to regain market share in a legal drug war. They were reeling from the negative results of the Women’s Health Initiative. That’s why they also planned, wrote and published monthly Premarin-positive or estrogen-positive editorials and reviews in house at Wyeth and had them ghost authored by prominent scientists. A turf war.

As a physician, I believe the best treatment for severe vaginal dryness causing repeated bladder infections in older menopausal women is vaginal estriol in a dose of 0.5 mg twice a week.[2] However, there is no FDA/Health Canada approved estriol product. It’s just not available. So, I can prescribe that estriol—the weakest of the three estrogens our bodies make—and a local compounding pharmacist will make it for my patient. And that is a dose and kind of estrogen hormone that doesn’t cause a risk for endometrial (uterine lining) overgrowth or cancer as Premarin cream can (especially if delivered with that ridiculous vaginal applicator and in the doses that are commonly recommended).

What makes me feel both sad and angry is that this bio-identical “tempest in a teapot” (as my grandmother would say) is ignoring the distress of women with severe hot flushes. They are the reason for the popularity of compounded hormones, of the “experts” like Suzanne Somers and those who publicize and back her exuberant and likely imprudent self-medication. I have been cheering since Dr. Leonetti showed that 20 mg twice a day of progesterone cream significantly improved hot flushes.[3] If compounded hormones are evidence-based, as estriol and progesterone cream are for the conditions mentioned, who would fault women for wanting them? Especially when there is sufficient reason to doubt the hormone promises of Big Pharma?

Blood on Screen: MENstruation

November 4th, 2009 by Giovanna Chesler

I often hear women state that men would be uncomfortable if they overheard our discussion of menstruation. Many women work to keep men out of the menstruation conversation. But… surprise! Men are ready to participate. And very often, I hear men say that they want to learn more about menstruation. In studies by Jane Ussher and Jane Perz they found that women in lesbian relationships that are more egalitarian, empathetic and satisfying have different PMS experiences than women whose male partners misunderstand their PMS symptoms. That is partially because their lesbian partners understand the experiences of menstruation, even if they do not share the same symptoms. Imagine, straight ladies, if a male partner were also aware of your PMS symptoms through the information you impart? And that through this conversation and hopefully, through different behavior on his part, you could potentially change your PMS experience?

Or…what if he understands those symptoms through his own experience?! Last year, Angelique Smith, then a student at Marymount Manhattan College in a course called Social Construction and Images of Menstruation (co-taught by David Linton and myself) made MENstruation. This video was inspired by Gloria Steinem’s 1978 Ms. Magazine article “What if Men Could Menstruate?”. As Smith asks her participants Steinem’s question, “What if men could menstruate,” their answers  reveal much about cross-gender consciousness.  It screened as part of the Blood on Screen series at the Spokane SMCR conference.

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Update in Prempro Case

November 4th, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling
Image from Online Journal

Image from Online Journal

Even though the verdict regarding punitive damages awarded to Connie Barton in her suit against Prempro was sealed (as we wrote last week), the figure has leaked out. A Philadelphia jury awarded her $75 million in punitive damages, in addition to $3.7 million in compensation for her trouble.  Although Pfizer/Wyeth will surely appeal, it’s a substantial victory to see punitive damages in an amount that is more than 20 times the compensatory damages. The jury found Wyeth’s conduct in marketing and selling the drug was “willful and wanton,” and put their money where their mouth is.

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Works Like Magic

November 2nd, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling
magicALWAYS026

(Click to embiggen.)

Just when you think femcare ads can’t get any sillier . . . the new Always “Infinity” pad promises to “pull its own disappearing act”. Hmm . . . don’t we want pads to STAY where we PUT them?!

Oh, it’s the “fluid” that disappears. (That’s right, fluid. Not blood.) “It’s so amazing it makes fluid seem to POOF! disappear. Just like magic.”

That pad ought to be absorbent – it’s almost as large as an ironing board cover!

Seriously – something’s magic here. Maybe it’s PhotoShop, but that pad is almost as wide as her ribcage. It’s definitely bigger than her head. Do you suppose that P&G uses the same ad agency as Ralph Lauren?

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Girls, Periods, and Missing School II: Breaking the Silence

November 1st, 2009 by Elizabeth Kissling

In Rwanda, Harvard Business School Fellow Elizabeth Scharpf is breaking menstrual silence and challenging female poverty with the Sustainable Health Enterprises (SHE) program. SHE helps local women in developing countries “jump-start their own businesses to manufacture and distribute affordable, quality, and eco-friendly sanitary pads.” This truly innovative program combines microloans with the use of local raw materials (instead of imported materials) to ensure affordability and accessibility.

In our previous post on this topic, Chris theorized, not unreasonably, that cramps and menstrual silence play at least as big a role as lack of menstrual products in keeping girls out of school in developing nations.

Both factors are likely at play, to varying degrees depending on the locale. The Forum of African Women Educationalists (FAWE) recently reported that in Uganda, lack of menstrual supplies coupled with inadequate latrine facilities for girls seriously impacts the education of girls ages 11-13.

Despite tax waivers introduced to reduce the cost of sanitary pads, finding money to buy them each month is a challenge for many grown women, never mind pre-teen girls.

A packet of sanitary pads costs the equivalent of $1.50 in Uganda – for the same amount you could get a kilo of sugar for the whole household. Girls whose parents can’t afford to give them the money improvise with strips of toilet paper or old cloth.   [. . . .]

As Chris suggested in her post, the solution is about communication as much as it is about resources; FAWE found this to be true among the girls they studied in Uganda. The silences and taboos around menstruation make it difficult for girls to ask their parents for money to buy pads. FAWE has launched a campaign to de-stigmatise menstruation through educating girls. They’ve started a “girl education movement”, organizing clubs in schools, and teaching girls that menstruation is is a normal occurrence, nothing to be scared of or ashamed of.

You can’t ask for help if you can’t talk about it.

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Readers should note that statements published in re: Cycling are those of individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the positions of the Society as a whole.